Operations 手術

Cataract Surgery白內障手術
Cataract surgery is a common surgical procedure that is performed to remove a cloudy lens (cataract) from the eye and replace it with an artificial lens implant. The surgery is typically performed on an outpatient basis and takes about 15 to 30 minutes to complete. During the surgery, the patient is given local anesthesia to numb the eye. A small incision is then made in the cornea, the clear front part of the eye, and a tiny instrument is used to break up the cloudy lens into small pieces. These pieces are then removed from the eye using suction.
白內障手術是一種常見的眼科手術，醫生會從眼睛中取出混濁的晶狀體（白內障），並植入人工晶體代替原本的晶狀體。手術通常在門診進行，大約需要 15 到 30 分鐘就能完成，以局部麻醉方式進行。醫生會在角膜上做一個小切口，即眼睛前部的透明部分，然後使用微型儀器將混濁的晶狀體分解成小塊，利用吸力將這些碎片從眼睛中移除。

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Once the cataract has been removed, an artificial lens implant is inserted into the eye to replace the natural lens. The artificial lens is typically inserted through the same small incision that was used to remove the cataract. The incision is then closed with tiny stitches or a self-sealing technique.
當白內障被移除，人工晶狀體就會被植入眼睛以取代天然晶狀體。人工晶體通常通過用於去除白內障的相同小切口植入，然後用細縫線或自密封技術閉合切口。

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Monofocal Intraocular Lens (IOL)單焦人工晶體

Monofocal IOLs have a single focus point, which means that they can correct vision for either distance or near vision, but not both.

單焦人工晶體只有一個焦點，這意味著它們可以矯正遠視或近視，但不能同時矯正兩者。

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With a monofocal IOL, the eye is typically set to focus either at a distance or up close, depending on the patient's needs and preferences. This means that patients with a monofocal IOL may still require reading glasses or other corrective lenses to see clearly at different distances.

我們通常會透過使用單焦人工晶體將眼睛設定為聚焦遠處或近處，具體取決於患者的需要和偏好。這意味著使用單焦人工晶體的患者，手術後可能仍需要老花鏡或其他矯正鏡片才能在不同距離處看清楚。

Monofocal IOLs are the most commonly used type of IOL, and are generally considered a safe and effective option for cataract surgery. They are also typically less expensive than other types of IOLs, such as multifocal or accommodating IOLs. However, they do have some limitations in terms of vision correction, and may not be suitable for patients who have significant astigmatism or who desire greater freedom from glasses after surgery.

單焦人工晶體是最常用的人工晶體類型，通常被認為是白內障手術安全有效的選擇。它們通常也比其他類型的人工晶狀體便宜，例如多焦點或適應性人工晶體。然而，它們在視力矯正方面確實有一些局限性，可能不適合散光嚴重或手術後減少依賴眼鏡的患者。

Multifocal Intraocular Lens (IOL) 多焦人工晶體
Multifocal IOLs are designed to provide clear vision at multiple distances, including near, intermediate, and distance vision, without the need for glasses or contact lenses.
多焦人工晶體旨在提供多個距離的清晰視力，包括近距離、中距離和遠距離，而無需佩戴眼鏡或隱形眼鏡。

Multifocal IOLs achieve this by using a series of concentric rings with different focusing powers, which allow the eye to simultaneously perceive multiple distances. This can provide greater freedom from glasses or contact lenses, particularly for patients who have previously needed glasses for both distance and near vision.

多焦人工晶體是透過具有不同聚焦能力的同心環來實現達成多焦的效果，使眼睛能夠同時聚焦多個距離。這可以大幅減少患者對眼鏡或隱形眼鏡的依賴，特別是對於以前需要戴眼鏡看遠和近的患者。

However, multifocal IOLs are not suitable for everyone. They can cause visual side effects, such as halos, glare, and reduced contrast sensitivity, which can be particularly noticeable in low light conditions. Patients with significant astigmatism or other eye conditions may also not be good candidates for multifocal IOLs.

然而，多焦人工晶體並不適合所有人。它們會導致視覺副作用，例如光暈、眩光和對比敏感度降低，在光線較暗的情況下尤為明顯。有明顯散光或其他眼部疾病的患者也可能不適合多焦人工晶體。

Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens (EDOF IOL) 擴展景深人工晶體

EDOF IOLs are designed to provide a range of vision correction, from distance to intermediate distances (such as computer work), and sometimes even near vision, without the need for glasses or contact lenses.

擴展景深人工晶體旨在提供一系列視力矯正，令患者在無需眼鏡或隱形眼鏡的情況下，都能應付遠距離到中距離（例如電腦），有時甚至是近距離的活動。

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EDOF IOLs achieve this by using a specialized optical design that creates a gradual transition between different areas of focus. This allows the eye to perceive a greater range of distances clearly, while minimizing the visual side effects that can occur with other types of multifocal or accommodating IOLs, such as halos or glare.

擴展景深人工晶體通過使用特別的光學設計實現這一點，該設計在不同的焦點區域之間創建逐漸過渡。這使眼睛能夠清楚地感知更大範圍的距離，同時減少其他類型的人工晶體引起的副作用，例如光暈或眩光。

EDOF IOLs are a relatively new option for cataract surgery patients, and are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to provide a range of vision correction while minimizing visual side effects. However, like any type of IOL, EDOF IOLs do have some limitations, and may not be suitable for all patients.

對白內障手術患者來說，擴展景深人工晶體是一個相對較新的選擇，並且變得越來越受歡迎。然而，與任何類型的 IOL 一樣，擴展景深人工晶體也有一些局限性，可能並不適合所有患者。